Right to Shelter

Introduction

The right to shelter is an essential part of the right to life under Article 21. It ensures that every individual has access to a safe and decent place to live as a basic human necessity.

Meaning / Definition

• Right to Shelter: The legal protection that guarantees access to a safe and decent living space as part of the fundamental right to life.
• This right is considered essential for leading a dignified life in a civilized society.

Modes or Types

Scope of Right

• Shelter is a basic requirement along with food, water, medical care, education, and a decent environment.
• It is necessary to ensure a meaningful and dignified life.

Restrictions

• The right to shelter is subject to reasonable restrictions in public interest, such as urban planning or safety regulations, provided it is enforced in a fair and just manner.

Important Case Law

• Chameli Singh v State of U.P. (1996) 2 SCC 549 – The Supreme Court held that the right to shelter is a fundamental right under Article 21. The Court observed that the right to live in a civilized society includes access to shelter, food, water, education, medical care, and a decent environment.

Practical Example

• Government providing affordable housing schemes for low-income groups to fulfill their right to shelter.

Summary

• Right to shelter is a part of the fundamental right to life under Article 21.
• Ensures access to safe and decent living conditions.
• Integral to living a dignified life with basic necessities.
• Recognized in Chameli Singh v State of U.P. (1996).
• Subject to fair and reasonable restrictions in the public interest.