| Section | Rule | Key Concept | Case Law |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | Application of the Act | Applies to Hindus, Buddhists, Jains, and Sikhs. | |
| 3 | Definitions | Defines minor, guardian, and natural guardian. | |
| 4 | Definitions (guardian types) | Explains different types of guardians like natural, testamentary, and court-appointed. | |
| 5 | Overriding effect | This Act overrides (prevails over) any conflicting law. | |
| 6 | Natural guardians | Father, then mother are natural guardians of a minor. | Githa Hariharan v. Reserve Bank of India |
| 7 | Natural guardian of adopted son | Adoptive father and then adoptive mother become guardians. | |
| 8 | Powers of natural guardian | Guardian can act for benefit of minor but needs court permission for major property dealings. | Pannilal v. Rajinder Singh |
| 9 | Testamentary guardians | Guardian can be appointed by will (after death of parents). | |
| 10 | Incapacity of minor | Minor cannot act as guardian. | |
| 11 | De facto guardian | A person who is not legal guardian cannot deal with minor’s property. | |
| 12 | Minor’s undivided interest | No guardian needed for joint family property managed by adult member. | |
| 13 | Welfare of minor | Welfare (well-being) of minor is the most important factor. | Rosy Jacob v. Jacob A Chakramakkal |